مقاله ۲۰۱۲: تاثیر کمپوست مصرفی قارچ روی Lecanicillium fungicola
در ایران کار شده،کار جالبی بوده چندتا باکتری جدا کردند که احتمالا اثر بازدارندگی به خاطر اونها بوده و نه خود عصاره. انشااله خودشون یا بدم به ما تا فرمولاسیون تجاریشو تولید کنیم
The effect of spent mushroom compost on Lecanicillium fungicola in vivo and in vitro
Hossein Riahia, Mehrnaz Hashemia* & Kasra Sharifib
Leached spent mushroom compost (SMC) and its extract were tested to suppress Lecanicillium fungicola in white button mushroom. Sterile and non-sterile mixture of SMC and peat were used to assess suppressiveness against L. fungicola in greenhouse experiments. The extract of SMC was prepared with sterile, non-sterile, filtered, supplied with nystatin, streptomycin and penicillin antibiotics to evaluate their effect in suppression of pathogen in vitro. Isolated bacteria from SMC extract were tested for antagonism rate against Lecanicillium fungicola. The results of the experiments showed that all applications rate of none-sterile SMC were effective in control of pathogen. However, the sterile SMC amendments did not have a positive effect on the pathogen suppression in vitro or in vivo, as was expected. The treatments amended with SMC 100% and 60% showed the most suppressive effect in the control of pathogen. Using of non-sterile SMC 20%, 40%, 60% and peat soil were most effective in mushroom yield. The extract of leached SMC showed inhibition of L. fungicola in petri dishes. Three bacteria isolated from extract, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefacien identified using 16s rRNA, showed an antagonistic effect with the fungal growth.
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مقاله ۲۰۱۲,
تاثیر کمپوست مصرفی قارچ روی Lecanicillium fungicol
۲۷ بهمن ۱۳۹۱
مقاله تاپ ۲۰۱۳ در مورد قارچ دکمه ای: عوامل موثر بر پین زایی قارچ دکمه ای در مراحل مختلف پین زایی
نکات کاربردی برای تولید کنندگان بلد شده است
Environmental regulation of reproductive phase change in Agaricus bisporus by 1-octen-3-ol, temperature and CO2
Abstract
Reproductive phase change from vegetative mycelium to the initiation of fruiting in Agaricus bisporus is regulated in large part by the sensing of environmental conditions. A model is proposed in which three separate environmental factors exert control at different stages of the reproductive developmental process change. The eight carbon volatile 1-octen-3-ol controls the early differentiation from vegetative hyphae to multicellular knots; temperature reduction is essential for the later differentiation of primodia; and carbon dioxide level exerts quantitative control on the number of fruiting bodies developed. Analysis of transcriptomic changes during the reproductive phase change was carried out with initiation-specific microarrays, and the newly published A. bisporus genome was used to analyse the promoter regions of differentially regulated genes. Our studies have shown there to be both early and late initiation responses relating to sensing of eight carbon volatiles and temperature respectively. A subset of 45 genes was transcriptionally regulated during the reproductive phase change which exhibited a range of functions including cell structure, nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and sensing and signalling. Three gene clusters linking increased transcription with developmental stage were identified. Analysis of promoter regions revealed cluster-specific conserved motifs indicative of co-ordinated regulation of transcription.
Highlights
► A model for how different environmental parameters regulate A. bisporus fruiting is proposed. ► Fruiting bodies form below the surface of casing. ► Early and late gene responses during A. bisporus fruiting are described. ► Nitrogen metabolism and cell structure are important in the reproductive phase change. ► Common motif patterns in differentially regulated genes are identified.
Keywords
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مقاله تاپ ۲۰۱۳ در مورد قارچ دکمه ای,
عوامل موثر بر پین زایی قارچ دکمه ای در مراحل مختلف
مقاله ۲۰۱۲: سینتتیک غیرفعال شدن پلی فنل اکسیداز در قارچ دکمه ای در طی تیمار گرمایی
The inactivation kinetics of polyphenol oxidase in mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) during thermal and thermosonic treatments
The effect of thermal and thermosonic treatments on the inactivation kinetics of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) was studied in 55-75 °C temperature range. In both the processes, the inactivation kinetics of PPO followed a first-order kinetics (R2=0.941-0.989). The D values during thermal inactivation varied from 112±8.4 min to 1.2±0.07 min while they varied from 57.8±6.1 to 0.88±0.05min during thermosonic inactivation at the same temperature range. The activation energy during thermal inactivation was found to be 214±17 kJ/mol, while it was 183±32 kJ/mol during thermosonic inactivation. The inactivating effect of combined ultrasound and heat was found to synergistically enhance theinactivation kinetics of PPO. The D values of PPO decreased by 1.3–3 times during thermosonic inactivation compared to the D values of PPO during thermal inactivation at the temperature range. Therefore, thermosonication can be further developed as an alternative to “hot break” process of mushroom.
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مقاله ۲۰۱۲,
سینتتیک غیرفعال شدن پلی فنل اکسیداز در قارچ دکمه ا
استفاده از بافت های قارچ خوراکی در رژیم غذایی حیوانات موجب کاهش آلودگی فسفر میشود.
بیشتر لگوم ها و غلات غنی از phytic acid هستند. این اسید یک کوفاکتور ضد تغذیه ای است که میزان جذب عناصر را در حیوانات تک معده ای کاهش می دهد. کاهش جذب فسفر بخاطر وجود فایتیک اسید منجر به افزایش غلظت فسفر در کود میشود.
چندین گونه از قارچ های خوراکی آنزیم phytase را ترشح می کنند که قادر به هیدرولیز کردن فایتیک اسید می باشد. قارچ a.bisporus به میزان .0.21 u/gr از بافت های خود حاوی این آنزیم است. با استفاده از این قارچ و کلونیزه کردن بذر ها توسط این این قارچ می توان وضعیت تغذیه ای حیوانات را بسیار بهبود بخشید و میزان جذب فسفر را در آنها بالا برد.
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قارچ خوراکی به عنوان مکمل بسیار عالی در رژیم غذایی
